Opinions of the people of the virtuous city and its opposites

This book is one of the greatest philosophical works presented by the great philosopher Abu Nasr Muhammad Al-Farabi. This book is considered one of the pillars of Islamic political and philosophical thought, as Al-Farabi presents his comprehensive vision of the ideal city that is based on the foundations of virtue, wisdom, and justice. Al-Farabi presents how the virtuous city can be an integrated society based on cooperation among its members and achieving collective happiness, while emphasizing the necessity of The ruler is a philosopher endowed with wisdom and knowledge.
The book discusses many important topics such as the nature of existence, the ranks of existence, and the Creator's relationship with creatures, in addition to its deep analysis of the human soul, its various powers, and how they work. He also addresses complex philosophical issues such as will and choice, happiness, dreams, and revelation, which reflects the depth of his philosophical thinking.
On the other hand, in this work, Al-Farabi deals with the cities that contradict the virtuous city, which are the ignorant and misguided cities, showing the differences between societies that are based on virtue and those that lack it. The book is considered a comprehensive intellectual guide to understanding political and social philosophy in the Islamic heritage, and it continues to influence political thought even today.